Inflation is generally measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which tracks the changes in the price of a basket of goods and services that are commonly consumed by households. The average inflation rate for advanced economies is around 2%, but it can vary from country to country. Some countries, such as Venezuela, have experienced hyperinflation in recent years, while others, such as Japan, have struggled with deflation.

Interest rates are set by the central banks of each country and are used as a monetary policy tool to control inflation and stabilize the economy. Central banks will raise interest rates to slow down inflation and lower interest rates to increase inflation. The average interest rate for advanced economies is around 2%, but it can also vary from country to country. Some countries, such as the United States, have raised interest rates to combat inflation, while others, such as Japan, have kept interest rates low to stimulate economic growth.

It’s important to note that the global events such as pandemics, trade tensions, geopolitical risks and etc, can have a significant impact on the inflation and interest rate.